Which term best defines the ability of a system to improve its performance based on experience?

The term that best defines the ability of a system to improve its performance based on experience is machine learning. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that focuses on the development of algorithms and statistical models that enable computers to perform specific tasks without being directly programmed for those tasks. Instead, these systems learn from data and experience over time, adapting their performance as they are exposed to more information.

This learning process often involves recognizing patterns and making predictions based on input data, which allows the system to refine its algorithms and improve outcomes in a given task. The continued exposure to data enables the system not only to enhance its accuracy and efficiency but also to adapt to changing conditions or new types of data.

In contrast, artificial intelligence is a broader concept that encompasses various technologies and methodologies, including machine learning, but does not specifically address the aspect of learning from experience. Natural language processing is focused on the interaction between computers and human language, while data mining involves extracting useful information and patterns from large datasets. These terms highlight different facets of technology and data handling, but machine learning is the most precise in describing the process of performance enhancement through accumulated experience.